Feem ntau cov neeg xav tiaslub valveua los ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb thiab yuav tsis xeb. Yog tias nws ua li ntawd, nws yuav yog teeb meem nrog cov hlau. Qhov no yog kev nkag siab yuam kev ib sab txog qhov tsis nkag siab txog cov hlau tsis xeb, uas kuj tuaj yeem xeb nyob rau hauv qee qhov xwm txheej.
Cov hlau tsis xeb muaj peev xwm tiv taus huab cua oxidation—uas yog, tiv taus xeb, thiab kuj muaj peev xwm xeb hauv cov xov xwm uas muaj cov kua qaub, alkalis, thiab ntsev—uas yog, kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov loj ntawm nws lub peev xwm tiv thaiv corrosion hloov pauv nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm nws cov hlau nws tus kheej, lub xeev ntawm kev tiv thaiv, cov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv thiab hom ib puag ncig media.
Cov hlau tsis xeb feem ntau yog muab faib ua:
Feem ntau, raws li cov qauv metallographic, cov hlau stainless hlau ib txwm muaj peb pawg: austenitic stainless hlau, ferritic stainless hlau, thiab martensitic stainless hlau. Raws li peb cov qauv metallographic yooj yim no, rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab lub hom phiaj, cov hlau dual-phase, cov hlau stainless hlau uas tau ua kom tawv thiab cov hlau alloy siab nrog cov ntsiab lus hlau tsawg dua 50% tau txais.
1. Cov hlau tsis xeb Austenitic.
Lub matrix yog dominated los ntawm austenite qauv (CY theem) ntawm lub ntsej muag-centered cubic siv lead ua qauv, tsis yog magnetic, thiab feem ntau yog strengthened los ntawm txias ua hauj lwm (thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj qee yam magnetic khoom) stainless hlau. Lub American Iron thiab Steel Institute yog xaiv los ntawm cov lej hauv 200 thiab 300 series, xws li 304.
2. Ferritic stainless hlau.
Lub matrix yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov qauv ferrite ((ib theem) ntawm lub cev-centered cubic siv lead ua qauv, uas yog magnetic thiab feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem hardened los ntawm kev kho cua sov, tab sis tuaj yeem me ntsis strengthened los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias. Lub koom haum American Iron thiab Steel yog cim nrog 430 thiab 446.
3. Cov hlau tsis xeb Martensitic.
Lub matrix yog ib qho qauv martensitic (lub cev-centered cubic lossis cubic), magnetic, thiab nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev kho cua sov. Lub koom haum American Iron thiab Steel tau xaiv los ntawm cov lej 410, 420 thiab 440. Martensite muaj ib qho qauv austenite ntawm qhov kub siab, thiab thaum txias rau chav tsev kub ntawm qhov nrawm tsim nyog, qhov qauv austenite tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau hauv martensite (piv txwv li, tawv).
4. Austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless hlau.
Lub matrix muaj ob qho tib si austenite thiab ferrite ob-theem qauv, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov matrix tsawg dua feem ntau ntau dua 15%. Nws yog magnetic thiab tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias. 329 yog cov hlau duplex stainless hlau ib txwm muaj. Piv nrog austenitic stainless hlau, dual-theem steel muaj lub zog siab, thiab qhov tsis kam rau intergranular corrosion thiab chloride kev ntxhov siab corrosion thiab pitting corrosion tau zoo dua.
5. Cov hlau tsis xeb uas ua kom tawv thaum los nag.
Lub matrix yog austenite lossis martensitic qauv thiab tuaj yeem ua kom tawv los ntawm kev ua kom tawv. Lub koom haum American Iron thiab Steel Institute tau cim nrog tus lej 600 series, xws li 630, uas yog 17-4PH.
Feem ntau hais lus, ntxiv rau cov hlau sib xyaw, qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm austenitic stainless hlau yog qhov zoo heev. Hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj corrosive, ferritic stainless hlau tuaj yeem siv tau. Hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj corrosive me ntsis, yog tias cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj lub zog siab lossis hardness siab, martensitic stainless hlau thiab precipitation hardening stainless hlau tuaj yeem siv tau.
Cov qib thiab cov khoom ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb
01 304 Cov Hlau Tsis Xeb
Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb austenitic uas siv dav tshaj plaws thiab siv dav. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov khoom sib sib zog nqus thiab cov kav dej kua qaub, cov thawv, cov khoom siv, ntau yam khoom siv, thiab lwm yam. Nws kuj tseem siv tau los tsim cov khoom siv tsis muaj hlau nplaum, cov khoom siv kub qis thiab cov khoom siv.
02 304L Cov Hlau Tsis Xeb
Yuav kom daws tau qhov teeb meem ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj carbon austenitic uas tsis tshua muaj carbon uas tsim los ntawm Cr23C6 ua rau muaj kev xeb loj heev ntawm 304 stainless hlau nyob rau hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, nws qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion intergranular zoo dua li ntawm 304 stainless hlau. Tsuas yog lub zog qis dua me ntsis, lwm yam khoom zoo ib yam li 321 stainless hlau. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau cov khoom siv tiv thaiv corrosion thiab cov khoom uas tsis tuaj yeem raug kho tom qab vuam, thiab tuaj yeem siv los tsim ntau yam khoom siv.
03 304H Cov Hlau Tsis Xeb
Cov ceg sab hauv ntawm 304 stainless hlau muaj cov pa roj carbon feem pua ntawm 0.04% -0.10%, thiab nws qhov kev ua haujlwm kub siab zoo dua li ntawm 304 stainless hlau.
04 316 Cov Hlau Stainless
Ntxiv molybdenum rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm 10Cr18Ni12 hlau ua rau cov hlau muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau kev txo cov nruab nrab thiab pitting corrosion. Hauv dej hiav txwv thiab ntau lwm yam xov xwm, qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo dua li 304 stainless hlau, feem ntau yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv pitting-resistant.
05 316L Cov Hlau Tsis Xeb
Cov hlau carbon tsawg heev muaj kev tiv taus zoo rau kev xeb intergranular thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov khoom siv welded thiab cov khoom siv nrog cov ntu tuab, xws li cov ntaub ntawv tiv taus corrosion hauv cov khoom siv petrochemical.
06 316H Stainless Hlau
Cov ceg sab hauv ntawm 316 stainless hlau muaj cov pa roj carbon feem pua ntawm 0.04% -0.10%, thiab nws qhov kev ua haujlwm kub siab zoo dua li ntawm 316 stainless hlau.
07 317 Cov Hlau Tsis Xeb
Qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion pitting thiab creep tsis kam zoo dua li 316L stainless hlau, uas yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv petrochemical thiab cov khoom siv organic acid corrosion resistant.
08 321 Cov Hlau Tsis Xeb
Cov hlau stainless austenitic uas ruaj khov los ntawm titanium, ntxiv titanium los txhim kho kev tiv thaiv corrosion intergranular, thiab muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo hauv qhov kub thiab txias, tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm cov hlau stainless austenitic uas tsis muaj carbon ntau. Tsuas yog rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb xws li kev tiv thaiv corrosion kub lossis hydrogen, feem ntau tsis pom zoo kom siv.
09 347 Cov Hlau Tsis Xeb
Niobium-stabilized austenitic stainless hlau, ntxiv niobium los txhim kho intergranular corrosion tsis kam, qhov corrosion tsis kam hauv acid, alkali, ntsev thiab lwm yam corrosive media yog tib yam li 321 stainless hlau, kev ua haujlwm vuam zoo, tuaj yeem siv ua cov khoom siv corrosion-resistant thiab anti-corrosion Kub hlau feem ntau yog siv hauv thermal fais fab thiab petrochemical teb, xws li ua cov thawv, cov kav dej, cov cua sov sib pauv, shafts, cov raj cua sov hauv cov cub tawg kev lag luam, thiab cov raj cua sov thermometers.
10 904L Cov Hlau Tsis Xeb
Cov hlau stainless hlau austenitic tiav yog ib hom hlau stainless hlau super austenitic uas OUTOKUMPU hauv Finland tau tsim. Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo hauv cov kua qaub tsis-oxidizing xws li sulfuric acid, acetic acid, formic acid thiab phosphoric acid, thiab kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau crevice corrosion thiab kev ntxhov siab corrosion. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau ntau yam concentration ntawm sulfuric acid hauv qab 70°C, thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo hauv acetic acid thiab mixed acid ntawm formic acid thiab acetic acid ntawm txhua qhov concentration thiab kub nyob rau hauv qhov siab ib txwm.
11 440C stainless hlau
Cov hlau tsis xeb Martensitic muaj qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb uas tawv thiab cov hlau tsis xeb, nrog qhov nyuaj ntawm HRC57. Feem ntau siv los ua cov nozzles, bearings,npauj npaimlub valve cov tub ntxhais,npauj npaimlub valve rooj zaum, tes tsho,lub valve cov qia, thiab lwm yam.
12 17-4PH stainless hlau
Cov hlau tsis xeb Martensitic uas muaj qhov nyuaj ntawm HRC44 muaj lub zog siab, qhov nyuaj thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv rau qhov kub siab tshaj 300°C. Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv xeb zoo rau huab cua thiab cov kua qaub lossis ntsev diluted. Nws qhov kev tiv thaiv xeb zoo ib yam li 304 stainless hlau thiab 430 stainless hlau. Nws yog siv los tsim cov platforms offshore, turbine blades,npauj npaimlub valve (cov hlab ntsha valve, cov rooj zaum valve, cov tes tsho, cov qia valve) wait.
In lub valve tsim thiab xaiv, ntau yam tshuab, series, thiab qib ntawm cov hlau tsis xeb feem ntau ntsib. Thaum xaiv, qhov teeb meem yuav tsum tau xav txog los ntawm ntau qhov kev xam pom xws li cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb, kub, siab, qhov chaw ntxhov siab, xeb, thiab tus nqi.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Xya Hli-20-2022
