Kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm kev lag luam valve (1967-1978)
01 Kev txhim kho kev lag luam raug cuam tshuam
Txij xyoo 1967 txog 1978, vim muaj kev hloov pauv loj heev hauv zej zog, kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam valve kuj tau cuam tshuam loj heev. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog:
1. Lub valve cov zis tau txo qis heev, thiab qhov zoo tau txo qis heev
2. Lub valve kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb uas tau pib tsim tau raug cuam tshuam
3. Cov khoom siv valve nruab nrab ua rau lub sijhawm luv dua
4. Kev tsim khoom tsis tau npaj tseg ntawm cov twj tso kua siab thiab nruab nrab pib tshwm sim
02 Ua cov kev ntsuas kom ntev lub "valve short line"
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom hauvlub valvekev lag luam tau poob qis heev, thiab tom qab tsim cov khoom siv valve siab thiab nruab nrab luv luv, lub xeev muab qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov no. Lub Chaw Haujlwm Hnyav thiab Dav Dav ntawm Thawj Lub Tsev Haujlwm Machinery tau tsim ib pawg valve los ua lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov pauv ntawm kev lag luam valve. Tom qab kev tshawb nrhiav tob thiab kev tshawb fawb, pab pawg valve tau muab "Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Xav Txog Kev Txhim Kho Kev Ntsuas Kev Tsim Khoom Rau Cov Valve Siab thiab Nruab Nrab", uas tau xa mus rau Pawg Neeg Npaj Haujlwm ntawm Lub Xeev. Tom qab kev tshawb fawb, nws tau txiav txim siab los nqis peev 52 lab yuan hauv kev lag luam valve los ua kev hloov pauv kev lag luam los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsis txaus ntawm cov siab thiab nruab nrab.cov li qub thiab qhov zoo poob qis sai li sai tau.
1. Ob lub rooj sib tham Kaifeng
Thaum lub Tsib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1972, Chav Haujlwm Tshuab Thawj Zaug tau tuav lub rooj sib tham thoob tebchawslub valveLub rooj sib tham txog kev ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam hauv Kaifeng City, Henan Province. Tag nrho muaj 125 chav thiab 198 tus neeg sawv cev los ntawm 88 lub Hoobkas valve, 8 lub koom haum tshawb fawb thiab tsim qauv, 13 lub koom haum tshuab hauv xeev thiab nroog thiab qee tus neeg siv tau koom nrog lub rooj sib tham. Lub rooj sib tham tau txiav txim siab los kho ob lub koom haum ntawm kev lag luam thiab lub network txawj ntse, thiab xaiv Kaifeng High Pressure Valve Factory thiab Tieling Valve Factory ua cov thawj coj pab pawg siab thiab qis siab, thiab Hefei General Machinery Research Institute thiab Shenyang Valve Research Institute yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm network txawj ntse. Lub rooj sib tham kuj tau tham thiab kawm txog cov teeb meem ntsig txog "peb qhov kev hloov kho tshiab", txhim kho cov khoom zoo, kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab, kev faib khoom, thiab kev tsim cov haujlwm kev lag luam thiab kev txawj ntse. Txij thaum ntawd los, kev lag luam thiab kev txawj ntse uas tau raug cuam tshuam rau rau xyoo tau rov pib dua. Cov kev ntsuas no tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhawb nqa kev tsim khoom valve thiab thim rov qab qhov xwm txheej luv luv.
2. Rov pib ua haujlwm ntawm lub koom haum kev lag luam thiab kev sib pauv ntaub ntawv
Tom qab lub Rooj Sib Tham Kaifeng xyoo 1972, cov pab pawg lag luam tau rov pib ua lawv cov haujlwm. Lub sijhawm ntawd, tsuas yog 72 lub Hoobkas koom nrog hauv kev lag luam, thiab ntau lub Hoobkas valve tseem tsis tau koom nrog hauv kev lag luam. Txhawm rau kom npaj tau ntau lub Hoobkas valve li sai tau, txhua cheeb tsam npaj cov haujlwm lag luam raws li. Shenyang High thiab Medium Pressure Valve Hoobkas, Beijing Valve Hoobkas, Shanghai Valve Hoobkas, Wuhan Valve Hoobkas,Tianjin Valve Hoobkas, Gansu High thiab Medium Pressure Valve Factory, thiab Zigong High Pressure Valve Factory yog lub luag haujlwm rau Northeast, North China, East China, Central South, Northwest, thiab Southwest Regions. Thaum lub sijhawm no, kev lag luam valve thiab kev txawj ntse muaj ntau yam thiab muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab nrov heev nrog cov chaw tsim khoom hauv kev lag luam. Vim yog kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam, kev sib pauv kev paub ntau zaus, kev pab sib pab thiab kev kawm sib pab, nws tsis tsuas yog txhawb kev txhim kho cov khoom zoo xwb, tab sis kuj txhim kho kev sib koom siab thiab kev phooj ywg ntawm ntau lub chaw tsim khoom, yog li ntawd kev lag luam valve tau tsim ib qho kev sib koom ua ke, ua ke, tes hauv tes Mus tom ntej, qhia txog qhov chaw muaj zog thiab loj hlob.
3. Ua tiav "peb qhov kev hloov kho tshiab" ntawm cov khoom siv valve
Raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm ob lub rooj sib tham Kaifeng thiab cov kev xav ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Hnyav thiab Dav Dav ntawm Thawj Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Tshuab, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Tshawb Fawb Txog Tshuab tau teeb tsa ib txoj haujlwm loj "peb txoj kev hloov kho tshiab" nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm ntau lub Hoobkas hauv kev lag luam. Txoj haujlwm "peb txoj kev hloov kho tshiab" yog ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuab, uas yog ib qho kev ntsuas zoo los ua kom nrawm dua kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis ntawm cov tuam txhab thiab txhim kho qib ntawm cov khoom siv valve. Pawg neeg ua haujlwm "peb txoj kev hloov kho tshiab" ntawm lub valve ua haujlwm raws li "plaub qhov zoo" (yooj yim siv, yooj yim tsim, yooj yim kho thiab sib phim zoo) thiab "plaub qhov kev sib koom ua ke" (qauv, cov kev ua tau zoo, kev sib txuas thiab qhov ntev tag nrho, cov khoom txheem). Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm txoj haujlwm muaj peb yam, ib qho yog ua kom yooj yim rau cov ntau yam sib xyaw ua ke; qhov tod yog tsim thiab kho dua ib pawg ntawm cov qauv kev siv tshuab; qhov thib peb yog xaiv thiab ua tiav cov khoom.
4. Kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab tau txhawb nqa kev txhim kho kev tshawb fawb
(1) Kev tsim cov pab pawg tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim cov chaw sim Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1969, Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Tshawb Fawb Txog Tshuab Dav Dav tau tsiv los ntawm Beijing mus rau Hefei, thiab lub cuab yeej sim tiv thaiv dej ntws qub tau raug rhuav tshem, uas cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev tshawb fawb. Xyoo 1971, cov kws tshawb fawb tau rov qab los rau pab pawg ib qho tom qab ib qho, thiab lub chaw kuaj mob valve tau nce mus txog ntau dua 30 tus neeg, thiab tau raug txib los ntawm lub koom haum los npaj kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab. Ib lub chaw kuaj mob yooj yim tau tsim, lub cuab yeej sim tiv thaiv dej ntws tau teeb tsa, thiab lub tshuab ntsuas siab, ntim khoom thiab lwm yam tau tsim thiab tsim, thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab ntawm qhov chaw kaw thiab ntim khoom tau pib.
(2) Cov Kev Ua Tau Zoo Tseem Ceeb Lub Rooj Sib Tham Kaifeng uas tau muaj nyob rau xyoo 1973 tau tsim cov phiaj xwm tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam valve txij xyoo 1973 txog 1975, thiab tau tawm tswv yim 39 qhov kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb. Ntawm lawv, muaj 8 yam khoom ntawm kev ua thermal, 16 yam khoom ntawm qhov chaw sealing, 6 yam khoom ntawm kev ntim khoom, 1 yam khoom ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab 6 yam khoom ntawm kev sim thiab kev ua tau zoo. Tom qab ntawd, hauv Harbin Welding Research Institute, Wuhan Material Protection Research Institute, thiab Hefei General Machinery Research Institute, cov neeg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb tau raug xaiv los npaj thiab sib koom tes kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua, thiab ob lub rooj sib tham ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom yooj yim ntawm cov li qub siab thiab nruab nrab tau muaj los sau cov kev paub dhau los, kev pab sib pab thiab kev sib pauv, thiab tau tsim 1976 - Cov phiaj xwm tshawb fawb qhov yooj yim hauv xyoo 1980. Los ntawm kev sib koom siab ntawm tag nrho kev lag luam, cov kev ua tiav zoo tau ua tiav hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam, uas tau txhawb nqa kev txhim kho kev tshawb fawb hauv kev lag luam valve. Nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog raws li nram no:
1) Tack rau ntawm qhov chaw sealing. Kev tshawb fawb txog qhov chaw sealing lub hom phiaj yog daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev xau sab hauv ntawmlub valveLub sijhawm ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv sealing nto feem ntau yog 20Cr13 thiab 12Cr18Ni9, uas muaj qhov nyuaj tsawg, tsis zoo hnav tsis kam, teeb meem loj sab hauv cov khoom valve, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm luv luv. Shenyang Valve Research Institute, Harbin Welding Research Institute thiab Harbin Boiler Factory tau tsim ib pab pawg tshawb fawb peb zaug. Tom qab 2 xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnyav, ib hom tshiab ntawm chrome-manganese sealing nto surfacing khoom (20Cr12Mo8) tau tsim. Cov khoom siv muaj kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem. Zoo tiv thaiv khawb, lub neej ua haujlwm ntev, thiab tsis muaj nickel thiab tsawg dua chromium, cov peev txheej tuaj yeem raws li hauv tsev, tom qab kev ntsuam xyuas kev siv tshuab, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev nce qib.
2) Kev tshawb fawb txog kev ntim khoom. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog kev ntim khoom yog los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev xau ntawm lub valve. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov khoom ntim ntawm lub valve feem ntau yog cov asbestos uas muaj roj thiab cov roj hmab asbestos, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib khi tsis zoo, uas ua rau muaj kev xau ntawm lub valve loj heev. Xyoo 1967, Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Tshawb Fawb Txog Tshuab Dav Dav tau teeb tsa ib pab neeg tshawb nrhiav kev xau sab nraud los tshawb nrhiav qee lub Hoobkas tshuaj, cov chaw ua roj thiab cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, thiab tom qab ntawd tau ua kev tshawb fawb txog kev tiv thaiv xeb ntawm kev ntim khoom thiab cov kav valve.
3) Kev sim ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev xav. Thaum ua kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab,kev lag luam valvekuj tau ua tiav kev sim ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev xav, thiab ua tiav ntau yam txiaj ntsig.
5. Ua kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis ntawm cov tuam txhab
Tom qab Kaifeng Lub Rooj Sib Tham xyoo 1973, tag nrho kev lag luam tau ua tiav kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis. Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas muaj nyob hauv kev lag luam valve thaum lub sijhawm ntawd: Ua ntej, cov txheej txheem rov qab mus rau qhov qub, kev casting yog ua tes ua, ib daim casting, thiab cov cuab yeej siv tshuab dav dav thiab cov khoom siv dav dav feem ntau siv rau kev ua haujlwm txias. Nws yog vim tias ntau yam thiab cov lus qhia ntawm txhua lub Hoobkas tau rov ua dua ntau dhau, thiab tus lej loj hauv tag nrho lub tebchaws, tab sis tom qab faib txhua lub Hoobkas, cov khoom tsim tawm me me heev, uas cuam tshuam rau kev siv zog ntawm lub peev xwm tsim khoom. Hauv kev teb rau cov teeb meem saum toj no, Lub Chaw Haujlwm Hnyav thiab Dav Dav ntawm Thawj Lub Tsev Haujlwm Machinery tau muab cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no: npaj cov chaw tsim khoom siab thiab nruab nrab siab uas twb muaj lawm, ua kev npaj ua ke, faib cov neeg ua haujlwm kom zoo, thiab nthuav dav kev tsim khoom loj; txais yuav cov thev naus laus zis siab heev, tsim cov kab ntau lawm, thiab koom tes hauv cov chaw tsim khoom tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom seem. 4 cov kab tsim khoom hlau cam khwb cia tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas casting hlau, thiab 10 cov kab tsim khoom txias ntawm cov khoom tau tsim nyob rau hauv rau lub Hoobkas tseem ceeb; tag nrho ntawm 52 lab yuan tau nqis peev rau kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis.
(1) Kev Hloov Pauv ntawm Cov Tshuab Ua Kub Hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuab ua kub, cov thev naus laus zis xws li dej iav tidal plhaub pwm, fluidized xuab zeb, tidal pwm thiab precision casting tau nrov. Precision casting tuaj yeem ua tiav chip-less lossis txawm tias chip-free machining. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub rooj vag, packing gland thiab valve lub cev thiab lub kaus mom ntawm cov valve me me, nrog cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam pom tseeb. Xyoo 1969, Shanghai Lianggong Valve Hoobkas thawj zaug siv cov txheej txheem precision casting rau valve ntau lawm, rau PN16, DN50 rooj vag valve lub cev,
(2) Kev Hloov Pauv ntawm Kev Siv Tshuab Txias Hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm kev siv tshuab txias, cov cuab yeej siv tshuab tshwj xeeb thiab cov kab ntau lawm tau siv hauv kev lag luam valve. Thaum ntxov li xyoo 1964, Shanghai Valve No. 7 Lub Hoobkas tau tsim thiab tsim cov kab ntau lawm semi-automatic, uas yog thawj kab ntau lawm semi-automatic valve qis-siab hauv kev lag luam valve. Tom qab ntawd, Shanghai Valve No. 5 Lub Hoobkas tau tsim thiab tsim cov kab ntau lawm semi-automatic ntawm DN50 ~ DN100 qis-siab lub ntiaj teb valve lub cev thiab lub kaus mom hauv xyoo 1966.
6. Ua kom muaj zog tsim cov ntau yam tshiab thiab txhim kho qib ntawm cov txheej txheem tiav
Yuav kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv loj xws li roj av, kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, hluav taws xob, metallurgy thiab petrochemical kev lag luam, kev lag luam valve tab tom tsim cov khoom tshiab tib lub sijhawm ntawm kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis, uas tau txhim kho qib sib phim ntawm cov khoom valve.
03 Cov Lus Qhia Luv Luv
Rov qab saib xyoo 1967-1978, kev txhim kho ntawmlub valve Kev lag luam ib zaug tau raug cuam tshuam loj heev. Vim yog kev txhim kho sai ntawm roj av, tshuaj lom neeg, hluav taws xob, metallurgy thiab thee kev lag luam, siab thiab nruab nrab siab li qub tau dhau los ua "cov khoom luv luv". Xyoo 1972, lub koom haum kev lag luam valve tau pib rov pib dua thiab ua cov haujlwm. Tom qab ob lub rooj sib tham Kaifeng, tau ua tiav "peb qhov kev hloov kho tshiab" thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv tshuab, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev lag luam tag nrho. Xyoo 1975, kev lag luam valve tau pib kho, thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam tau hloov pauv zoo dua.
Xyoo 1973, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Npaj Haujlwm ntawm Lub Xeev tau pom zoo rau cov kev ntsuas kev tsim kho vaj tse rau kev nce kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv siab thiab nruab nrabcov li qubTom qab kev nqis peev, kev lag luam valve tau ua tiav kev hloov pauv peev xwm. Los ntawm kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhawb nqa, qee cov thev naus laus zis siab heev tau raug saws, yog li ntawd qib kev ua haujlwm txias hauv tag nrho kev lag luam tau raug txhim kho rau qee qhov, thiab qib kev siv tshuab ntawm kev ua haujlwm thermal tau raug txhim kho rau qee qhov. Tom qab kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov txheej txheem plasma tsuag vuam, cov khoom zoo ntawm cov twj tso kua mis siab thiab nruab nrab tau raug txhim kho ntau heev, thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm "ib qho luv luv thiab ob qho xau" kuj tau raug txhim kho. Nrog rau kev ua tiav thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm 32 qhov kev ntsuas kev tsim kho vaj tse, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam valve muaj lub hauv paus muaj zog dua thiab muaj peev xwm tsim khoom ntau dua. Txij li xyoo 1970, cov zis ntawm cov twj tso kua mis siab thiab nruab nrab tau txuas ntxiv loj hlob. Txij xyoo 1972 txog 1975, cov zis tau nce ntxiv los ntawm 21,284t mus rau 38,500t, nrog rau kev nce ntxiv ntawm 17,216t hauv 4 xyoos, sib npaug rau cov zis txhua xyoo hauv xyoo 1970. Cov zis txhua xyoo ntawm cov li qub qis tau ruaj khov ntawm qib 70,000 txog 80,000 tons. Thaum lub sijhawm no,lub valve kev lag luam tau tsim cov khoom tshiab, tsis yog tsuas yog cov hom phiaj dav dav xwb tau tsim kho zoo heev, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, cov kav dej, kev kub siab heev, kev lag luam nuclear, aerospace thiab lwm yam khoom tshwj xeeb kuj tau tsim kho zoo heev. Yog tias xyoo 1960 yog lub sijhawm ntawm kev txhim kho zoo ntawm cov khoom siv dav dav, ces xyoo 1970 yog lub sijhawm ntawm kev txhim kho zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Lub peev xwm txhawb nqa ntawm cov tsev hauv tsevcov li qub tau raug txhim kho zoo heev, uas ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam ntawm lub teb chaws kev lag luam.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-04-2022
